Short answer

ESP32 OTA fails after the first update. What should be on the board?

  • Native OTA needs two OTA partitions and a partition table decided on board one. A single factory partition cannot swap images.
  • Flash size on the module must match the table. A 4MB table on a 2MB part will fail in the field.
  • Rollback and a factory app are product choices. The official example proves the download path, not your recovery story.
  • Do not leave a debug console that can brick partitions in the hands of end users.

中文

短答

ESP32 第一次 OTA 之后就失败，板上要先定什么？

  • Native OTA 需要两套 OTA 分区，分区表在第一块板就要定。只有 factory 分区不能轮换镜像。
  • 模组 Flash 容量要和分区表一致。4MB 的表烧到 2MB 的料，到现场会失败。
  • 回滚和 factory 应用是产品选择。官方案例证明下载路径，不是你的恢复策略。
  • 不要把能写坏分区的调试台留给最终用户。